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 Job Displacement Tracker
Data current as of May 26, 2026
AI-cited layoffs trending +8% YoY
62 occupations tracked • 500 layoff events • 80+ sources
Tech Jacks Solutions

Job Displacement Tracker

A free resource aggregating publicly available data on AI-driven workforce changes — layoff reporting, occupation risk research, and government WARN Act filings. This isn't authoritative research. It's our honest attempt to surface what's publicly known, in one place, with every source shown. We'll get things wrong. We welcome corrections.

Data from IMF, WEF, Anthropic, BLS, WARN Act filings, and 80+ additional sources • Updated daily by automated pipeline • Best-effort compilation — not a substitute for professional career or financial advice
40%
Global jobs exposed iIMF Staff Discussion Note, Jan 2024
View source
92M
Roles displaced by 2030 iWEF Future of Jobs Report 2025
View source
170M
New roles created iWEF Future of Jobs Report 2025
View source
$4.4T
Annual productivity gain iMcKinsey Global Institute, Jun 2023
View source
"Exposed" = AI can significantly assist or augment the role — not that displacement is certain. Net: 170M new roles projected vs. 92M displaced (WEF 2025).
Latest
01

Real-World Layoff Tracker

500 announced layoffs • 2024–2026 • AI attribution classified • AI News Hub coverage ›

We try to track every publicly reported mass layoff event where AI, automation, or workforce restructuring was cited as a factor — we don't catch everything. Each event is classified across four tiers based on how the company described it: AI-Direct (company explicitly cited AI in a press release or filing), AI-Adjacent (restructuring framed in the context of AI adoption), Business Cycle (traditional economic reasons), or Mixed. Classification is done by LLM and flagged as unreviewed — so treat these as a useful signal, not a definitive determination. As of 2026, 9.9% of tracked events are AI-Direct; 72.3% are Business Cycle. WARN Act filings in the second tab are official government records, not media estimates.

AI-cited layoffs trending: 0.6% (2024) → 4.5% (2025) → 13% YTD / 25% in March 2026first time AI ranked #1 cause (Challenger, Gray & Christmas)
99,470+
Cumulative AI-cited cuts
Since Challenger began tracking (2023–Q1 2026)
25%
AI share of March 2026 cuts
First month AI ranked #1 cause — 15,341 roles
331K+
Total tracked layoffs
Across 500 tracked events (2024–2026)
AI share of announced layoffs by year
0.6%
2024
4.5%
2025
~8%
2026 Q1
AI-Direct
AI-Adjacent
Business Cycle
Hover bars for breakdown
★ Q1 2026: Challenger, Gray & Christmas reported 217,362 total cuts • AI cited for 27,645 (13% YTD) • March alone: 15,341 AI-cited (25%) — first month AI ranked #1 cause

5,499+
WARN filings (2024+)
290K+
Workers affected (all filings)
34
States scraped
750+
Matched to tracked companies
WARN Act filings from state labor departments • Dates shown are effective layoff dates — future dates are advance notices required by WARN Act (60-day notice period) • Source: Stanford warn-scraper (34 states)
Context: AI-Washing
Not all "AI layoffs" are what they appear. AI attribution is rising as a share of cause — but Q1 2026 total US layoffs (217K, Challenger) are actually down 56% from Q1 2025. The signal: AI is taking share of a smaller pie, not driving a macro spiral.
"Some companies are blaming AI for layoffs that are really about cost-cutting."
— Sam Altman, CEO, OpenAI • Yale Budget Lab: 33 months post-ChatGPT, "negligible" disruption in aggregate employment data
Reality Check — What happened when companies tried full AI replacement
Klarna, Duolingo, and others made headlines replacing workers with AI. Here's what the data actually shows happened next — and what it means for workers still in the workforce.
expand ↓
02

Occupation Risk Dashboard

62 occupations • risk scores from Anthropic, OpenAI, Goldman Sachs, WEF, Oxford, and OECD • peer-reviewed and aggregator sources distinguished • search your occupation

These scores are our attempt to synthesize what multiple independent research teams have published about AI's impact on specific occupations — Anthropic's Economic Index, OpenAI's GPTs-are-GPTs study, Goldman Sachs, the WEF Future of Jobs report, and Oxford's Frey/Osborne analysis. Where studies agree, the range is tight. Where they disagree significantly (sometimes a 40-point spread), both ends are shown. We don't pick the "right" number. Scores span research published 2013–2025; the methodology section explains the vintage issue. Click any occupation to see salary data, task-level exposure, transferable skills, and transition pathways — treat these as a starting point for your own research, not a final answer.

▶ Click any occupation to expand — salary data, task-level AI exposure, transferable skills, and transition pathways
Critical Risk — >80% Automation Probability 18 occupations
OccupationRisk RangeExposureSourcesUS Jobs
Telemarketers96–99%
EDsmart, Frey/Osborne, OpenAI113,000
Data Entry Keyers67–95%
Anthropic, WEF, BLS152,000
Bookkeeping/Accounting Clerks94–95%
EDsmart, WifiTalents1,540,000
Admin Assistants / Exec Secretaries90–96%
WifiTalents, WEF (−6.1M)3,300,000
High Risk — 60–80% 18 occupations
Customer Service Representatives67–80%
Anthropic (70.1%), Gartner2,900,000
Computer Programmers48–74.5%
Anthropic (74.5%), Goldman156,000
Paralegals & Legal Assistants80–85%
WifiTalents, DemandSage345,000
Moderate Risk — 40–60% 12 occupations
Financial & Investment Analysts35–57%
Anthropic, WifiTalents328,000
Software QA Analysts52%
Anthropic, Brookings199,000
Low Risk — AI Augments, Not Replaces 14 occupations
Registered NursesVery low
BLS (+6% growth)3,175,000
ElectriciansVery low
BLS (+9% growth)762,000
Wind Turbine TechniciansVery low
BLS (+45% growth)12,000
03

Career Transition Pathways

27 researched pathways from high-risk to stable roles • salary uplift, training cost, and demand outlook for each • filter by cost and category • compare up to 3 side-by-side

For every occupation flagged as high-risk in the dashboard above, there are researched pathways to stable or growing roles. This section maps 27 career transitions across three categories: reskilling routes into tech and data roles, skilled trade apprenticeships that provide income during training, and entrepreneurship paths that leverage existing domain expertise. Each pathway shows the realistic salary delta, training cost, time to transition, and current job demand — not projections, but data drawn from BLS occupational projections, Glassdoor, and O*NET. Free and government-subsidized options are flagged. Use the compare tool to evaluate up to three pathways side-by-side.

0 selected
04

Skills Transition

Fastest-growing and fastest-declining occupations by projected volume • 10 emerging roles created by AI adoption • salary transition data for common career switches

AI isn't destroying the labor market uniformly — it's accelerating structural shifts that were already underway while creating entirely new categories of work. This section maps the specific roles actively losing headcount (with the automation mechanism that makes them vulnerable), the roles gaining workers despite AI pressure, and 10 job categories that barely existed three years ago. Salary transition data below shows what workers in declining roles can realistically earn after a switch — with actual figures drawn from BLS, Glassdoor, and LinkedIn salary data, not estimates.

Hiring More People
+ Farmworkers +6%
+ Delivery Drivers Growing
+ Software Developers +16%
+ Construction Workers 439K needed
+ Nursing Professionals +6%
Losing Jobs Fast
Cashiers -13.7M
Admin Assistants -6.1M
Executive Secretaries Declining
Data Entry Clerks -95% risk
Bank Tellers -31%
17 emerging role categories from agentic AI reinstatement effects:
These roles demand domain expertise turned inward — a credit analyst who can audit an agent's output, a compliance officer who can specify regulatory constraints for autonomous workflows. They do not require software engineering skills. Reskilling programs that route displaced workers into coding bootcamps are often solving the wrong problem. (Source: arXiv 2604.00186, Mar 2026)
AI Output AuditorsAgent Workflow SupervisorsAI Governance SpecialistsDomain AI TrainersHuman-AI CoordinatorsAI Ethics OfficersCompliance AI Spec.ML Ops SpecialistsAI Safety ResearchersAutomation ArchitectsLLM Fine-Tuning EngineersDigital Twin EngineersAI Content StrategistsPrompt EngineersSustainability AI Spec.AI Procurement AnalystsAgent Incident Responders
+195%
GenAI skills demand (2024-25)
4.1%
Reskilling completion rate
51%
Salary increase after professional cert (Coursera 2025)
Salary Transitions — What the switch actually pays
tap to expand

Source: WEF Future of Jobs Report 2025 • BLS Employment Projections 2024-2034

05

Industry Impact

5 major industries • AI attribution rates by sector • 330K+ layoffs tracked • recovery timelines from MIT Sloan, McKinsey, and company filings

Different industries are at different points in the AI adoption cycle — some are mid-restructuring right now, others haven't felt the impact yet. This section breaks down verified layoff volumes, AI attribution rates, and economic recovery timelines by sector so you can assess where your industry stands. Expand any card for the specific companies that have cut, which roles are most affected, what's actively growing within that sector, and whether the disruption is AI-driven or a standard business cycle event.

Technology & ICT
15–20% Recovers in 1–2 years
AI is writing code and running research faster than humans can
Finance & Banking
12–15% Recovers in 2–3 years
AI handles risk analysis and back-office work at a fraction of the cost
Professional Services
10–14% Recovers in 2–4 years
Legal research, consulting reports, and document drafting are being automated
Manufacturing
8–12% Recovers in 4–5 years
Robots and AI predict when machines will break before they do
Healthcare
5–8% Recovers in 5+ years
AI helps doctors diagnose faster, but patients still need human care

Tap any card for more detail • Source: MIT Sloan, Penn Wharton, WEF

06

Who's Most Affected

5 demographic groups • exposure rates by gender, age, education, and income level • structural explanations, not just statistics • cross-links to relevant transition resources

Aggregate displacement figures obscure a sharper truth: the cost of AI-driven workforce restructuring falls unevenly, and it isn't random. This section identifies five demographic groups facing structurally elevated risk and explains the specific mechanisms behind their exposure — which roles they predominantly hold, why those roles are vulnerable, and what the data actually shows about realistic options.

Key Insight — Stanford Digital Economy Lab / ADP Payroll Data (Nov 2025)
AI isn't primarily displacing workers through mass layoffs. Companies are quietly not backfilling entry-level positions as they become vacant — removing the career ladder's bottom rungs without a single firing announcement. Early-career workers (22–25) in AI-exposed roles saw a 16% relative employment decline vs. stable or growing employment for workers 35+ in those exact same roles. AI replaces "codified knowledge" (book-learning, rule-based tasks) while older workers' accumulated "tacit knowledge" — unwritten judgment, institutional intuition — remains harder to replicate.
-16%
Young workers (22–25) in AI-exposed roles
15.6M
Non-degree workers in highest-risk roles
2x
Women's automation exposure vs men
-3%
Wage penalty on AI-displacement re-hire
Young Workers (22–25)
-16%
Relative employment decline in AI-exposed roles vs. +9% growth for workers 35–49 in the same occupations. The career ladder is losing its bottom rungs.
Women
2x
Twice as likely as men to work in jobs with high automation risk — but the outcome depends sharply on which kind of role they hold.
Entry-Level Tech Workers
-58%
Tech companies cut junior hiring by more than half in early 2025.
Middle-Skill Office Workers
Hollowing Out
Routine office jobs — the backbone of the middle class — are the most at risk.
Workers Without 4-Year Degrees (STARs)
15.6M
Americans skilled through alternative routes working in the highest AI-exposure roles — 43% of all workers in the most exposed quartile.

Tap any card for more detail

What Employers Say — SHRM (2026, 1,908 HR Professionals)
Only 7% of organizations report AI has caused involuntary job losses. But 57% say AI has created new upskilling requirements — and 39% say it has shifted workers' responsibilities. The displacement isn't showing up in terminations; it's showing up in who doesn't get hired and what's expected of those who are.
Re-Employment Reality — Goldman Sachs Analysis
Workers displaced from automated roles take ~1 month longer to find re-employment than those displaced for traditional economic reasons — and accept a ~3% wage reduction on re-entry. This "re-employment penalty" is structural: automated-role skills transfer less cleanly to adjacent markets. The case for proactive reskilling before displacement is concrete and data-backed.
07

Regional Tracker

6 global regions • readiness scored across connectivity, compute, language, and workforce competency • US WARN Act filing data by state embedded

AI's impact on labor markets isn't uniform — it's shaped by each region's mix of industries, digital infrastructure, regulatory framework, and workforce education levels. This section scores six global regions across four readiness dimensions to map the gap between AI exposure (how much risk exists) and preparedness (how equipped the workforce is to navigate it). The high-exposure, high-readiness regions face the sharpest near-term disruption but also have the most capacity to absorb it. US WARN Act filing data by state is embedded directly — legally documented mass layoffs at the sub-national level, not media estimates.

Region Jobs Exposed How Ready Level
USA / Advanced Economies 60%
High
Europe (EU) 50–55%
High
China / East Asia 40–50%
High
Southeast Asia (ASEAN) 30–40%
Mixed
South Asia 25–35%
Low-Mixed
Latin America / Africa 20–30%
Low
US Metro AI Adoption Timeline — When displacement risk arrives by city
AI displacement follows an S-curve that moves from leading tech metros outward. SF Bay is 6–12 months ahead of Tier 2 hubs and 18 months ahead of Tier 3 metros. Workers employed remotely by Tier 1 firms face Tier 1 adoption velocity regardless of where they live — the geographic buffer is shrinking. (Source: Agentic AI and Occupational Displacement, arXiv 2604.00186, Mar 2026)
Metro AreaTierAI Adoption LeadPrimary Driver
San Francisco Bay Area Tier 1 Leading AI patent density, VC concentration
Provo-Orem, UT Tier 1 Leading High-growth tech specialization
Seattle-Tacoma • Austin • Boston • Raleigh Tier 2 6–12 mo. behind Anchor tech ecosystems, research clusters
Nashville • Salt Lake City Tier 2 6–12 mo. behind Healthcare IT, financial infrastructure
New York-Newark • Boise Tier 3 18 mo. behind Economic diversity dilutes adoption velocity
Remote Work Convergence Effect
A financial analyst in Austin (Tier 2) working remotely for a San Francisco firm (Tier 1) faces Tier 1 adoption velocity — not Austin's. Remote work compresses the geographic buffer: Tier 3 workers in information-intensive roles are absorbing Tier 1 risk through their employer's tech stack, regardless of where they live. Financial occupations show a 9.2% ATE risk increase in Tier 3 metros once remote work is accounted for.
Vulnerability Gap — 6.1M Workers
Roughly 6.1M US workers (4.2% of workforce) face high AI exposure combined with low local adaptive capacity — limited retraining infrastructure, thin labor market density, few comparable alternative employers. Concentrated in Mountain West/Midwest university towns, state capitals, and non-metro Southeast. These workers bear the most risk with the least support.
US WARN Act Filings (our data)
We track official layoff filings from 34 US states. Since January 2025, there have been 3,250+ filings affecting 178,000+ workers. See the full tracker above.
CA — #1 filings WA — #2 (tech) NY — #3 IL — #4 NJ — #5

Source: IMF, UNDP, World Bank, Stanford warn-scraper (34 states)

08

The Productivity Paradox

The J-curve explained with sector recovery data • contested GDP projections from Brynjolfsson and Acemoglu • AI-washing analysis • long-term outlook from Penn Wharton, McKinsey, and IMF

Understanding the J-curve explains why current displacement figures don't tell the full story, and why the long-term economic outcome is genuinely uncertain. When companies adopt AI, productivity actually drops at first. Workers need training, systems need updating, and old processes break before new ones are ready. But after the rough patch, growth accelerates. Many economists describe this as the "J-curve" — it dips before it rises. This pattern is documented in MIT Sloan research on AI-adopting manufacturing firms and modeled by Brynjolfsson et al. in the NBER Productivity J-Curve framework (2019). Note: the magnitude and timeline of recovery are actively contested. Daron Acemoglu (MIT, Nobel 2024) argues many AI deployments target tasks with limited productivity upside, potentially reducing the long-run gain. Figures below reflect the Brynjolfsson/optimistic scenario; actual outcomes vary by deployment quality and sector.

0% -1.33% +7% Initial dip Long-term growth Adoption Transition Maturity
-1.33%
Initial productivity dip
MIT Sloan / Brynjolfsson et al.
+7%
Long-term GDP boost
McKinsey MGI est.; contested
+3.7%
Permanent GDP increase by 2075
Penn Wharton Budget Model
Sector Recovery Timeline
SectorDipRecoveryPhase
Technology6–12 mo1–2 yrRecovering
Finance12–18 mo2–3 yrIn Dip
Services12–24 mo2–4 yrIn Dip
Manufacturing2–3 yr4–5 yrEarly Dip
Healthcare3–5 yr5+ yrPre-Dip
"AI-Washing" — Are companies blaming AI for normal layoffs?
tap to expand
Long-Term Outlook — What economists actually project
tap to expand

Source: MIT Sloan, Penn Wharton, Challenger, Yale Budget Lab

09

Action Center

Four categories: reskill, trades, entrepreneurship, legal rights • free and government-backed programs listed first • no affiliate links or sponsored recommendations

If the rest of this tracker maps the scope of the problem, this section provides the practical response. Four categories of action — reskilling, skilled trades, entrepreneurship, and legal rights — each grounded in verified programs with real costs and timelines. Free options and government-backed resources are listed first. Everything here links to an original source: government agencies, official training directories, and legal frameworks. There are no affiliate links, sponsored placements, or marketing funnels — this is a public resource.

Reskill Now
51% of professional certificate completers report a salary increase — 91% achieve a positive career outcome (Coursera 2025, 52,000 learners)
DOL AI Literacy Framework, Google/IBM certificates, WIOA-funded programs. Workers displaced from automated roles accept ~3% lower pay on re-entry — the case for proactive reskilling is concrete. See our IT Certifications Guide.
DOL Framework →
Explore Trades
439,000 new construction workers needed in 2025 alone
Electrician, HVAC, and plumbing roles growing 4–9% annually (BLS). Trades wages now rival many white-collar entry-level roles.
BLS Outlook →
Entrepreneurship
AI-displaced workers with domain expertise have a structural advantage building AI-augmented micro-businesses
AI-augmented micro-businesses. Domain expertise consulting. Startup costs $200–$5K.
SBA Guide →
Know Your Rights
EU AI Act workplace protections effective August 2026
AI in hiring, performance evaluation, and termination now regulated. WIOA training vouchers available. Read our EU AI Act breakdown.
EU AI Act →
10

Sources & Methodology

80+ primary and institutional sources • layoff attribution methodology explained • risk score construction and vintage disclosed • WARN Act scraping pipeline documented
About this resource

This tracker is built and maintained by Tech Jacks Solutions as a free public resource. We're not a research institution, and this isn't peer-reviewed analysis. It's an honest effort to aggregate what's publicly available — layoff data from press reporting, risk scores from published research, WARN filings from government records — and make it accessible in one place, with every source shown.

We know this data has gaps. Events get missed. Dates aren't always precise. Attribution is imperfect — the 4-tier system tries to be conservative, but there's no perfect way to classify intent from a press release. We've built what we can with public information. If you spot an error, send a correction and we'll fix it. A lot of people will have opinions about what a resource like this should look like. Fewer will build one. We chose to build.

Every data point on this page has a traceable origin: risk scores are composites from multiple independent studies with the range shown when studies disagree; layoff events are verified against original press reporting and company filings; WARN Act filings are pulled directly from 34 state labor departments. The methodology accordion below explains how attribution works, why aggregator-tier sources are distinguished from peer-reviewed research, and what the historical baseline for layoff volumes looks like — so you can evaluate what you're looking at.

How Risk Scores Work
We compare what multiple researchers say about each job, then show the range. Tap to learn more.
Primary Research7 papers
International Organizations4 reports
Government Data5 sources
Industry & Academic8 sources
Data Tools & Trackers5 tools
Layoff Event Sources500 tracked layoff events; verified against original news reporting where available

Last updated: May 2026 • Data refreshed via automated pipeline • GAIO v1.0 Integrity Lock active

Tech Jacks Solutions
Publisher disclosure: Tech Jacks Solutions publishes IT career and certification resources. We have a commercial interest in workforce retraining. This tracker is provided as a public-interest data resource; all data sources are independently citable. No content is sponsored.
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